Normalization
chapter 05
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
__T__ 1. Normalization works through a series of stages called normal forms.
___F_ 2. Normalization produces a lower normal form.
___T_ 3. Normalization should be part of the design process.
___F_ 4. Normalization is a process that is used for changing attributes to entities.
__T__ 5. In order to meet performance requirements, you may have to denormalize portions of the database design.
__T__ 6. Denormalization produces a lower normal form.
_F___ 7. Normalization is a very important database design ingredient and the highest level is always the most desirable.
__T__ 8. Relational models view the data as part of a table or collection of tables in which all key values must be identified.
__T__ 9. Repeating groups must be eliminated by making sure that each row defines a single entity.
__F__ 10. Repeating groups must be eliminated by making sure that each column defines a single entity.
_T___ 11. Dependencies can be identified with the help of the dependency diagram.
_F___ 12. Dependencies that are based on only a part of a composite primary key are called transitive dependencies.
__F__ 13. A dependency of one nonprime attribute on another nonprime attribute is a partial dependency.
_T___ 14. All relational tables satisfy the 1NF requirements.
_T___ 15. Data redundancies are caused by the fact that every row entry requires duplication of data.
_F___ 16. Converting a database format from 1NF to 2NF is a complex process.
__T__ 17. Because a partial dependency can exist only if a table's primary key is composed of several attributes, a table whose primary key consists of only a single attribute must automatically be in 2NF if it is in 1NF.
_T___ 18. A table is in 2NF if it is in 1NF and it includes no partial dependencies.
__T__ 19. It is possible for a table in 2NF to exhibit transitive dependency, where one or more attributes may be functionally dependent on non-key attributes.
__F__ 20. A determinant is any attribute whose value determines other values within a column.
_F___ 21. Atomic attributes are attributes that can be further divided.
__T__ 22. A table is in BCNF if every determinant in the table is a candidate key.
_F___ 23. A table is in BCNF if every determinant in the table is a foreign key.
_T___ 24. A table is in fourth normal form if it is in third normal form and has no multiple sets of multivalued dependencies.
_T___ 25. Normalization represents a micro view of the entities within the ERD.
_F___ 26. The combination of normalization and ER modeling yields a useful ERD, whose entities may now be translated into appropriate relationship structures.
__F__ 27. A good relational DBMS excels at managing denormalized relations.
_T___ 28. The advantage of higher processing speed must be carefully weighed against the disadvantage of data anomalies.
__F__ 29. Normalization purity is easy to sustain in the modern database environment.
__T__ 30. Unnormalized database tables often lead to various data redundancy disasters in production databases.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
__B__ 31. Normalization works through a series of stages called normal forms. Typically ____ stages are processed.
|
a. |
two |
c. |
four |
|
b. |
three |
d. |
five |
__A__ 32. 1NF, 2NF, and 3NF are ____.
|
a. |
normalization stages |
c. |
repeating groups |
|
b. |
anomalies |
d. |
atomic attributes |
__A__ 33. From a structural point of view, 2NF is better than ____.
|
a. |
1NF |
c. |
4NF |
|
b. |
3NF |
d. |
BCNF |
__A__ 34. ____ yields better performance.
|
a. |
Denormalization |
c. |
Atomization |
|
b. |
Normalization |
d. |
Compression |
__B__ 35. A table that displays data redundancies yields ____.
|
a. |
consistencies |
c. |
fewer attributes |
|
b. |
anomalies |
d. |
more entities |
__D__ 36. Data redundancy produces ____.
|
a. |
slower lookups |
c. |
efficient storage use |
|
b. |
robust design |
d. |
data integrity problems |
__D__ 37. Converting a ____ is not an example of denormalization.
|
a. |
3NF to 2NF |
c. |
3NF to 1NF |
|
b. |
2NF to 1NF |
d. |
3NF to BCNF |
__D__ 38. Some very specialized applications may require normalization beyond the ____.
|
a. |
1NF |
c. |
3NF |
|
b. |
2NF |
d. |
4NF |
__D__ 39. Of the following normal forms,____, is mostly of theoretical interest.
|
a. |
3NF |
c. |
BCNF |
|
b. |
1NF |
d. |
DKNF |
__D__ 40. ____ is not a valid normal form.
|
a. |
1NF |
c. |
3NF |
|
b. |
BCNF |
d. |
MVNF |
__C__ 41. A relation is not in 1NF if ____.
|
a. |
it has multiple candidate keys |
|
b. |
all of the key attributes are defined |
|
c. |
there are repeating groups in the table |
|
d. |
all attributes are dependent on the primary key |
__D__ 42. A(n) ____ should not be placed in a relational table.
|
a. |
entity |
c. |
relationship |
|
b. |
attribute |
d. |
repeating group |
__A__ 43. Attribute A ____ attribute B if all of the rows in the table that agree in value for attribute A also agree in value for attribute B.
|
a. |
determines |
c. |
controls |
|
b. |
derives from |
d. |
owns |
__B__ 44. Dependencies based on only a part of a composite primary key are called ____ dependencies.
|
a. |
primary |
c. |
incomplete |
|
b. |
partial |
d. |
composite |
__C__ 45. An attribute that is part of a key is known as a(n) ____ attribute.
|
a. |
important |
c. |
prime |
|
b. |
nonprime |
d. |
entity |
__A__ 46. Given the table EMP_PROJ (PROJ_NUM, EMP_NUM, PROJ_NAME, EMP_NAME, JOB_CLASS, CHG_HOURS, HOURS), of the following,____, is a partial dependency.
|
a. |
PROJ_NUM --> PROJ_NAME |
|
b. |
JOB_CLASS --> CHG_HOUR |
|
c. |
PROJ_NUM, EMP_NUM --> HOURS |
|
d. |
PROJ_NUM, EMP_NUM --> CHG_HOURS |
__B__ 47. In a(n) ____ diagram, the arrows above the attributes indicate all desirable dependencies.
|
a. |
Chen |
c. |
functionality |
|
b. |
dependency |
d. |
ER |
__A__ 48. A table that has all key attributes defined, has no repeating groups, and all its attributes are dependent on the primary key, is said to be in ____.
|
a. |
1NF |
c. |
3NF |
|
b. |
2NF |
d. |
4NF |
__B__ 49. A table that is in 1NF and includes no partial dependencies only is said to be in ____.
|
a. |
BCNF |
c. |
3NF |
|
b. |
2NF |
d. |
4NF |
__C__ 50. If you have three different transitive dependencies ____ different determinant(s) exist.
|
a. |
one |
c. |
three |
|
b. |
two |
d. |
four |
__C__ 51. A table that is in 2NF and contains no transitive dependencies is said to be in ____.
|
a. |
1NF |
c. |
3NF |
|
b. |
2NF |
d. |
4NF |
_A___ 52. Of the following ____ would be the best name for a column representing the charges per hour in a table named JOB.
|
a. |
JOB_CHG_HOUR |
c. |
CHARGES_PER_HOUR |
|
b. |
CHARGES_PER_HOUR_FOR_JOB |
d. |
CHG_HR |
__A__ 53. Improving ____ leads to more flexible queries.
|
a. |
atomicity |
c. |
denormalization |
|
b. |
normalization |
d. |
derived attributes |
__B__ 54. An atomic attribute ____.
|
a. |
cannot exist in a relational table |
c. |
displays multiplicity |
|
b. |
cannot be further subdivided |
d. |
is always chosen to be a foreign key |
__D__ 55. The most likely data type for a surrogate key is ____.
|
a. |
Character |
c. |
Logical |
|
b. |
Date |
d. |
Numeric |
__A__ 56. From a strictly database point of view, ____ attribute values can be calculated when they are needed to write reports or invoices.
|
a. |
derived |
c. |
granular |
|
b. |
atomic |
d. |
historical |
__B__ 57. Granularity refers to ____.
|
a. |
the size of a table |
|
b. |
the level of detail represented by the values stored in a table's row |
|
c. |
the number of attributes in a table |
|
d. |
the number of rows in a table |
_B___ 58. In a real-world environment, we must strike a balance between design integrity and ____.
|
a. |
robustness |
c. |
uniqueness |
|
b. |
flexibility |
d. |
ease of use |
_C___ 59. For most business transactional databases, we should normalize relations into ____.
|
a. |
1NF |
c. |
3NF |
|
b. |
2NF |
d. |
6NF |
__C__ 60. To generate a surrogate key, Microsoft Access uses a(n) ____ data type.
|
a. |
surrogate |
c. |
AutoNumber |
|
b. |
sequence |
d. |
identity |
__B__ 61. BCNF can be violated only if the table contains more than one ____ key.
|
a. |
primary |
c. |
foreign |
|
b. |
candidate |
d. |
secondary |
__A__ 62. A table where every determinant is a candidate key is said to be in ____.
|
a. |
BCNF |
c. |
3NF |
|
b. |
2NF |
d. |
4NF |
__C__ 63. Most designers consider the BCNF as a special case of the ____.
|
a. |
1NF |
c. |
3NF |
|
b. |
2NF |
d. |
4NF |
__C__ 64. A table is in 4NF if ____.
|
a. |
all attributes must be dependent on the primary key, and must be dependent on each other |
|
b. |
all attributes are unrelated |
|
c. |
no row can contain two or more multivalued facts about an entity. |
|
d. |
no column contains the same values |
__D__ 65. A table where all attributes are dependent on the primary key and are independent of each other, and no row contains two or more multivalued facts about an entity, is said to be in ____.
|
a. |
1NF |
c. |
3NF |
|
b. |
2NF |
d. |
4NF |
__A__ 66. When designing a database, you should ____.
|
a. |
make sure entities are in normal form before table structures are created |
|
b. |
create table structures then normalize the database |
|
c. |
only normalize the database when performance problems occur |
|
d. |
consider more important issues such as performance before normalizing |
__A__ 67. Normalization represents a micro view of the ____ within the ERD.
|
a. |
entities |
c. |
relationships |
|
b. |
attributes |
d. |
forms |
__D__ 68. An example of denormalization is using a ____ denormalized table to hold report data. This is required when creating a tabular report in which the columns represent data that is stored in the table as rows.
|
a. |
transitive |
c. |
component |
|
b. |
3NF |
d. |
temporary |
__C__ 69. The conflicts between design efficiency, information requirements, and processing speed are often resolved through ____.
|
a. |
conversion from 1NF to 2NF |
|
b. |
conversion from 2NF to 3NF |
|
c. |
compromises that include denormalization |
|
d. |
conversion from 3NF to 4NF |
___B_ 70. ____ databases reflect the ever-growing demand for greater scope and depth in the data on which decision support systems increasingly rely.
|
a. |
Normalized |
c. |
Temporary |
|
b. |
Data warehouse |
d. |
Report |
chapter 05
TRUE/FALSE
- ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 153
- ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 153
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- ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 153
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- ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 153
- ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 158
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- ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 158
- ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 160
- ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 160
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- ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 161
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- ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 170
- ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 170
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- ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 177
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- ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 179
- ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: 181
- ANS: T PTS: 1 REF: 181
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 153
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- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 157
- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 157
- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 158
- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 158
- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 158
- ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 160
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- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 160
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- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 165
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- ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 165
- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 165
- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 166
- ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 166
- ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 169
- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 169
- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 169
- ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 170
- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 170
- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 170
- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 173
- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 174
- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 174
- ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: 175
- ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: 179
- ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: 181
- ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: 181
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