Scurvy is due to a deficiency of

Question 1 of 25

4.0 Points

Scurvy is due to a deficiency of

A. vitamin C.

B. thiamin.

C. folate.

D. vitamin B-12.

Question 2 of 25

4.0 Points

The amount of selenium in foods

A. is consistently high in plant-based foods.

B. will depend on the total amount of other minerals in the food.

C. depends on the type of water used to irrigate crops.

D. depends on the amount of selenium in the soil where crops are grown.

Question 3 of 25

4.0 Points

Which group of foods provides substantial amounts of vitamin C?

A. Citrus fruits and vegetables

B. Milk and dairy products

C. Beef, poultry, seafood

D. Breads and cereals

Question 4 of 25

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Beta-carotene is also called

A. provitamin A.

B. retinal or retinol.

C. calcitriol.

D. rhodopsin.

Question 5 of 25

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Factors such as heat, iron, copper, and oxygen

A. enhance the stability of vitamin C in foods.

B. destroy vitamin C in foods.

C. have no effect on vitamin C.

D. convert vitamin C from its inactive to active form.

Question 6 of 25

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Persons who smoke have an increased need for

A. vitamin B-12.

B. vitamin C.

C. folate.

D. biotin.

Question 7 of 25

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Vitamin E is carried to the liver and other tissues by

A. albumin.

B. hemoglobin.

C. lipoproteins.

D. retinol-binding proteins.

Question 8 of 25

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Vitamin A deficiency is characterized by the

A. inability to produce insulin.

B. failure to form blood clots.

C. inability to adapt quickly to changes in light intensity.

D. production of excessive amounts of collagen.

Question 9 of 25

4.0 Points

Vitamin E is a family of compounds comprised of the

A. 4 tocopherols.

B. 4 tocotrienols.

C. 4 triglycerides.

D. 4 tocopherols and 4 tocotrienols.

Question 10 of 25

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In the intestinal cells,

A. vitamin A, as retinal, is converted to beta-carotene.

B. carotenes are split by an intestinal enzyme to form vitamin A.

C. excess vitamin A is carried to the kidney for excretion.

D. All of these choices are correct.

Question 11 of 25

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The RDA for vitamin C is increased by ________mg/day for smokers.

A. 10

B. 60

C. 35

D. 1000

Question 12 of 25

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Beta-carotene

A. can be converted to vitamin A in the body.

B. can be converted to vitamin E in the body.

C. is a classified as a retinoid.

D. is toxic when consumed in excess amounts.

Part 2 of 4 - Chapter 8 TF

8.0 Points

Question 13 of 25

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Large doses of vitamin C in supplement form are known to prevent, cure, or diminish the symptoms of the common cold.

Question 14 of 25

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Carotenoid supplementation has been effective in decreasing the risk of lung cancer in smokers.

Part 3 of 4 - Chapter 9 MC

40.0 Points

Question 15 of 25

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As calcium levels in the blood drop below normal, ____________ is released to increase the synthesis of calcitriol.

A. calcitonin

B. thyroid hormone

C. parathyroid hormone

D. secretin

Question 16 of 25

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The mineral found in the body in the most abundance is

A. phosphorus.

B. iron.

C. calcium.

D. sodium.

Question 17 of 25

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Which of the following is NOT a function of vitamin D?

A. Maintaining phosphorus homeostasis

B. Regulating cell cycle activity

C. Promoting antioxidant activity

D. Increasing immunity against infections

Question 18 of 25

4.0 Points

In addition to its role in bone development and maintenance, calcium is also required for

A. blood clotting, transmitting nerve impulses, and muscle contraction.

B. regulating potassium excretion, normal kidney function, and regulating intracellular water content.

C. phospholipid synthesis, muscle contraction, and formation of DNA and RNA.

D. blood clotting, magnesium absorption, and insulin release from the pancreas.

Question 19 of 25

4.0 Points

Individuals at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency include all of the following EXCEPT

A. elderly adults living in nursing homes.

B. dark-skinned children with limited outdoor activity.

C. young adults who eat high amounts of fatty fish and fish oils.

D. individuals with diseases of fat-malabsorption.

Question 20 of 25

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In children, bowed legs, an enlarged head, rib cage, and knee joints, and a deformed pelvis are symptoms of

A. rickets.

B. xerophthalmia.

C. osteopenia.

D. none of the above are correct.

Question 21 of 25

4.0 Points

Calcitriol is the

A. precursor to vitamin D that is activated by sunlight.

B. plant source of vitamin D.

C. animal food source of vitamin D.

D. biologically active form of vitamin D.

Question 22 of 25

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________ replacement after menopause greatly reduces bone loss in women.

A. Calcium

B. Calcitriol

C. Estrogen

D. Calcitonin

Question 23 of 25

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The role of hydroxyfluorapatite is to

A. enhance insulin sensitivity and prevent diabetes.

B. prevent dental caries.

C. improve the rate of growth in children.

D. prevent the development of anemia.

Question 24 of 25

4.0 Points

The nutrient that can be considered both a vitamin and a hormone is vitamin

A. E.

B. K.

C. D.

D. A.

Part 4 of 4 - Chapter 9 TF

4.0 Points

Question 25 of 25

4.0 Points

The more dense a bone is, the more brittle it will be.