C Programming Constants Assignment Help
Constants
Constants in C are the fixed values that are used in a program, and its value cannot be changed during the entire execution of the program. Constants otherwise called as literals. There are 3 primary types of constants such as,
- Numeric Constants
- Integer Constants
- Real Constants
- Character Constants
- Single Character Constants
- String Constants
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Numeric Constants
Integer Constants
This type of constant is further classified into:
- Decimal Integer
- Octal Integer
- Hexadecimal Integer
Example
20, 0, -200, +40, 0X6
Real Constants
Constants that contain decimal point are real constants.
Example
0.5, 0.0034, 34.45
Character Constants
Character constant represents single character is enclosed a pair of single quote (‘ ‘ ). It contains set of integer values known as ASCII values (American Standard Code for Information Interchange).
Character constant ‘5’ is not equivalent to 5, moreover it represents the ASCII value 53.
Some Character constant and associated ASCII values are-
Character ASCII Values
A – Z 65 - 90
a – z 97 – 122
0 – 9 48 – 57
; 59
Some valid character constants are-
‘9’ , ‘M’, ‘3’, ‘#’
String Constants
String consists zero, one or more characters. A string constant represented by a pair of double quotes (“ “).
Example
“Hello”, “Welcome to Lab”
Defining Constants
Constants are defined in two ways-
- Using #define preprocessor directive
- Using const keyword
Rules to define constants
#define identifierName value
const datatype identifiername=value
Example
#define pi 3.14
cons int a=5
